Genomic evolution of Salmonella Dublin in cattle and humans in the United States

This large genomic study analyzed 2,150 Salmonella Dublin strains collected across the U.S. (2002–2023) from humans, cattle, and the environment. Bovine strains showed the greatest genetic diversity and the highest prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes, especially multidrug resistance plasmids (IncA/C2). Despite differences across sources, 72% of strains were highly similar (≤20 SNPs apart), indicating frequent cross-transmission between humans, animals, and the environment. The findings underscore the urgent need for a One Health approach to monitor AMR S. Dublin and to inform interventions that protect food safety and public health.