Bridging the fair share gap for antibacterial innovation: an observational analysis of antibacterial revenues in the G7 and EU27

Antimicrobial resistance requires stronger investment in antibacterial R&D, yet G7+EU27 countries are falling short of their “fair share” contributions to pull incentives. Using GDP-based targets (US$258–562M annually) and revenue data for cefiderocol and ceftazidime-avibactam (2015–2024), the study finds that only the UK (via its subscription program) and Italy (through higher use and an “orphan” drug fund) are on track to meet mid-range annual targets. No G7 country meets high-end targets, and cumulative contributions remain below mid-range levels. A revenue guarantee pull incentive could help bridge gaps without increasing prices or volumes, and the UK/Italy examples show such targets are achievable in different contexts.