Artificial intelligence and infectious diseases: tackling antimicrobial resistance, from personalised care to antibiotic discovery

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major threat to global health, as recognized in the recent UN General Assembly High-Level Statement on AMR. Key priorities include new antibiotics, stewardship, surveillance, and infection prevention. Artificial intelligence (AI) could accelerate progress by uncovering hidden data patterns and supporting clinical decision-making. Potential applications span drug discovery, stewardship, diagnostics, surveillance, and public health. Yet, barriers such as limited infrastructure, expertise, regulation, ethics, and policy hinder implementation.