Antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens: consequences for public health and future approaches

Foodborne pathogen-associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health concern, primarily caused by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics in human healthcare and agriculture. The bacteria, including Salmonella, Campylobacter, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes, are becoming more resistant to conventional treatments, leading to longer hospital stays, higher medical costs, and increased death rates. Vulnerable groups, such as children, the elderly, and those with weak immune systems, are more susceptible. Current strategies include surveillance enhancement, antibiotic regulation, and alternative therapeutic modalities.