Warming is Associated With More Encoded Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Transcriptions Within Five Drug Classes in Soil Bacteria: A Case Study and Synthesis

The study found a positive correlation between the optimal growth temperature and the number of anti-microbial resistance (AMR) genes in soil bacteria. The effect varied by drug class, with tetracycline and lincosamide/macrolide/streptogramin having the strongest positive relationship. In a natural ecosystem, 61 significantly upregulated AMR gene-associated transcripts were found in warmed plots, with warming eliciting the strongest positive effect on transcripts targeting lincosamide/streptogramin, beta-lactam, and phenicol/quinolone antibiotics.